Privacy and Security of Aadhaar Data

1. What Aadhaar Stores

  • Basic demographics: Name, DOB, gender, address

  • Biometric data: Fingerprints, iris scan, photograph

  • Aadhaar Number (UID) – a 12-digit unique ID

2. Data Protection Mechanisms

  • Data is encrypted at multiple levels (at collection, transit, and storage).

  • Stored in Central Identities Data Repository (CIDR) maintained by UIDAI.

  • UIDAI uses 2048-bit encryption, one of the most secure in the world.

3. Access and Usage Restrictions

  • Only authorized agencies can access Aadhaar data for verification.

  • No agency can store or replicate biometric data.

  • Aadhaar authentication does not disclose your actual details, only “Yes/No”.

4. Legal Safeguards

  • Governed under the Aadhaar Act, 2016, and updated by the Data Protection Bill.

  • Unauthorized access or misuse is punishable with fines and imprisonment.

  • Users have the right to file grievances or complaints with UIDAI.

5. Security Features for Users

  • Aadhaar Lock/Unlock: Users can lock their Aadhaar number and biometrics via UIDAI.

  • Virtual ID (VID): A 16-digit temporary ID used for authentication instead of Aadhaar number.

  • Masked Aadhaar: Hides the first 8 digits when sharing Aadhaar copies.

6. Best Practices for Aadhaar Holders

  • Don’t share Aadhaar photocopies with unknown entities.

  • Use Masked Aadhaar where full number isn’t necessary.

  • Regularly check Aadhaar authentication history via UIDAI portal.

7. Myths vs Facts

  • Myth: Aadhaar tracks your location.
    Fact: UIDAI does not collect location/GPS data.
  • Myth: Aadhaar data is shared with third parties.
    Fact: UIDAI does not share data with any third party without user consent.